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中国沙漠 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 1-10.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00084

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两种形状镁水泥板沙障防风积沙效益的风洞试验

朱志昊1(), 屈建军1,2(), 赵爱国2, 陆文赋1, 孟晨1   

  1. 1.宁夏大学 生态环境学院,宁夏 银川 750021
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-03 修回日期:2023-05-23 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 屈建军
  • 作者简介:屈建军(E-mail: qujianj@lzb.ac.cn
    朱志昊(1998—),男,宁夏石嘴山人,硕士研究生,主要从事荒漠化治理方面的研究。E-mail:1019731487@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BEG02003);中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA23060201)

Wind tunnel test on wind-blown sand prevention effects of two kinds of magnesium cement board sand barriers

Zhihao Zhu1(), Jianjun Qu1,2(), Aiguo Zhao2, Wenfu Lu1, Chen Meng1   

  1. 1.College of Ecological Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2023-04-03 Revised:2023-05-23 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-03-19
  • Contact: Jianjun Qu

摘要:

对一种镁水泥新型材料制作的沙障的防风固沙效益进行了风洞模拟试验,对蜂巢形与正方形的镁水泥板沙障的流场结构、输沙量和蚀积情况进行对比。结果表明:(1)正方形和蜂巢形镁水泥板沙障均形成减速区,蜂巢形沙障减速区范围更小,沙障上方形成加速射流,蜂巢形沙障内部更容易形成气旋。(2)最明显的减速发生在第1个障格内,第2个障格内风速降低幅度减弱,第3个障格内风速降低幅度增强,在第3个障格后,风速降低幅度继续增强,直至到达一定距离,风速降低幅度开始减弱,随着距离增加趋于稳定。随着风速增加,沙障的减速区域并无明显减少。(3)布设镁水泥板沙障后,蜂巢形沙障总输沙量减少率低于正方形,风速≥12 m·s-1时,沙面上方输沙量分布规律归纳为2个部分:低于沙障高度时,输沙量分布遵循指数衰减函数分布;高于沙障高度时,输沙量分布遵循高斯分布。(4)蜂巢形沙障障格内沙面较正方形更为平稳,结合野外观测和材料成本方面,蜂巢形镁水泥板沙障在防风固沙领域有广泛的应用前景。

关键词: 镁水泥, 正方形沙障, 蜂巢形沙障, 风洞试验

Abstract:

A wind tunnel simulation test was carried out on two new type of magnesium cement material sand barriers to evaluate their windbreak and sand fixation benefits. The flow field structure, sediment transport and erosion of the honeycomb and square magnesium cement plate sand barrier were compared. The results show that: (1) Both the square and honeycomb magnesium cement board sand barriers form a deceleration zone. The honeycomb sand barrier has a smaller deceleration zone, and an accelerated jet is formed above the sand barrier. (2) The most obvious deceleration occurs in the first barrier, the wind speed reduction in the second barrier is weakened, and the wind speed reduction in the third barrier is enhanced. After the third barrier, the wind speed reduction continues to increase until a certain distance is reached. The wind speed reduction begins to weaken and tends to be stable as the distance increases. As the wind speed increases, the deceleration area of the sand barrier does not decrease significantly. (3) After the installation of magnesium cement board sand barrier, the reduction rate of total sand transport of honeycomb sand barrier is lower than that of square sand barrier. When the wind speed is not less than 12 m·s-1, the distribution law of sand transport above the sand surface is summarized into two parts: when it is lower than the height of sand barrier, the distribution of sand transport follows the exponential decay function. When it is higher than the height of sand barrier, the distribution of sand transport follows Gaussian distribution. (4) The sand surface of honeycomb sand barrier is more stable than that of square sand barrier. Combined with field observation and material cost, honeycomb magnesium cement board sand barrier has a wide application prospect in the field of windbreak and sand fixation.

Key words: magnesium cement, square sand barrier, honeycomb sand barrier, wind tunnel test

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